Cuticular Hydrocarbon Synthesis in Relation to Feeding and Developmental Stage in Nymphs of Blattella germanica ( Dictyoptera : Blattellidae )
نویسنده
چکیده
Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 9 0 ( 5 ) : 655-663 (1997) ABSTRACT T h e p a t t e r n s o f h y d r o c a r b o n s y n t h e s i s a n d t r a n s p o r t t o t h e e p i c u t i c l e w e r e e x a m i n e d i n m a l e s a n d f e m a l e s o f t h e G e r m a n c o c k r o a c h , Blattella germanica ( L . ) , d u r i n g t h e l a s t n y m p h a l s t a d i u m . M e t h o d s u s e d t o e x t r a c t h y d r o c a r b o n f r o m i n s e c t s w e r e v a l i d a t e d i n d e t a i l . A d o u b l e h e x a n e e x t r a c t i o n f o r c u t i c u l a r h y d r o c a r b o n s a n d a t r i p l e c h l o r o f o r m m e t h a n o l e x t r a c t i o n o f h o m o g e n i z e d i n s e c t s f o r i n t e r n a l l i p i d s r e m o v e d e s s e n t i a l l y al l h y d r o c a r b o n f r o m t h e r e s p e c t i v e c o m p a r t m e n t s , w h e r e a s t h e e x t e r n a l e x t r a c t i o n d i d n o t r e m o v e h y d r o c a r b o n f r o m t h e i n t e r i o r o f t h e i n s e c t . S y n t h e s i s i n v i v o w a s m e a s u r e d b y t h e i n c o r p o r a t i o n o f [ 1 1 4 C ] p r o p i o n a t e i n t o m e t h y l b r a n c h e d h y d r o c a r b o n a t 2 d i n t e r v a l s t h r o u g h o u t t h e s t a d i u m . I n b o t h s e x e s , h y d r o c a r b o n s w e r e s y n t h e s i z e d a t i n c r e a s i n g r a t e s d u r i n g t h e first 2 / 3 o f t h e s t a d i u m , t h e n s y n t h e s i s c e a s e d 2 d b e f o r e t h e i m a g i n a l m o l t . H y d r o c a r b o n s y n t h e s i s w a s r e l a t e d t o s t a g e s p e c i f i c f o o d i n t a k e i n b o t h m a l e a n d f e m a l e n y m p h s . A d e c l i n i n g p r o p o r t i o n , b u t r e l a t i v e l y c o n s t a n t q u a n t i t y , o f n e w l y s y n t h e s i z e d h y d r o c a r b o n w a s t r a n s p o r t e d t o t h e e p i c u t i c l e a s t h e n y m p h p r o g r e s s e d t h r o u g h t h e i n t e r m o l t p e r i o d . T h e m a j o r i t y o f t h e n e w l y s y n t h e s i z e d h y d r o c a r b o n a t a l l a g e s w a s r e t a i n e d i n t e r n a l l y , h o w e v e r , s u g g e s t i n g t h a t t h e y s e r v e a s a s o u r c e o f e p i c u t i c u l a r a n d o v a r i a n h y d r o c a r b o n i n t h e a d u l t . G a s l i q u i d c h r o m a t o g r a p h y c o n f i r m e d t h e p a t t e r n s o f h y d r o c a r b o n s y n t h e s i s a n d s h o w e d a g r e a t e r a c c u m u l a t i o n o f h y d r o c a r b o n s i n t e r n a l l y t h a n o n t h e n y m p h a l e p i c u t i c l e . E a r l y in t h e l a s t s t a d i u m , t h e m a j o r i t y o f i n t e r n a l h y d r o c a r b o n is i n t h e h e m o l y m p h , w h e r e a s l a t e i n t h e s t a d i u m t h e f r a c t i o n o f i n t e r n a l h y d r o c a r b o n i n t h e h e m o l y m p h d e c l i n e s , p r e s u m a b l y a s n e w l y s y n t h e s i z e d h y d r o c a r b o n b e g i n t o a s s o c i a t e w i t h f a t b o d y a n d t h e d e v e l o p i n g i m a g i n a l c u t i c l e .
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